Substance Absue Relapse Amung Women Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Substance Absue Relapse Amung Women - Essay Example Relapse is a situation of 'converting back' from a condition after a short or long abstinences. In drug addiction and substance abuse, it can be defined as "the resumption of the use of drugs after leaving it for some time" (Harris, J., Anderson, J. and Sharon, W, 1998). For substance abuse relapse among women, the issue of resumption of females to substance abuse after they have recovered. The World Health Organization (WHO) defines substance abuse as "the harmful or hazardous use of psychoactive substances which include illicit drugs and alcohol". A prolonged or repeated use of such substances can lead to addiction which is usually evident with continued use of the substances despite the fact that physical and mental deterioration is being noticed. In fact, various researchers in the world have come up with different conclusions and suggestions regarding the causes, effects, solutions and recommendations on how to deal with substance abuse and relapse not only among women but also in all genders (Laws, D. & Ward, T. 2000). Substance abuse is a global issue. ... "In some producing areas, in Iran, between 4 and 6 percent of the population are opium addicts. The country has an estimated 1.2 million opiate addicts, including 150,000 heroin users. In the producing areas of Laos and Thailand, the addiction rate is as high as 10 percent. Fully 80 percent of the heroin consumed in Europe comes via the Balkans. Of the opium that comes from Southeast Asia, as much as 50% is sent to China. In the United States and Canada, in 1991 there were 360,000 heroin addicts; in 2000 there were 600,000 heroin addicts." (Cherry, Dillon, & Rugh, 2002) "Indeed, on the average, the federal government has spent well over $10 billion a year on drug control for at least the last ten years. Currently, fifty-two federal agencies have a stake in drug control, and each must justify its budget." (Cherry, Dillon, & Rugh, 2002) The U.S. has a lengthy history of legal and social measures aimed at thwarting substance abuse. The first legal measures against substance abuse came in 1875 when opium dens were outlawed in San Francisco in 1875. (Cherry, Dillon, & Rugh, 2002) "The first national drug law, the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, required accurate labelling of patent medicines containing opium and certain other drugs."(Cherry, Dillon, & Rugh, 2002) "The spirit of temperance led to the prohibition of alcohol by the Eighteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution in 1919." (Cherry, Dillon, & Rugh, 2002) Narrowing the substance abuse view down, the literature shows that in 2003 there were 56, 671 treatment admissions in the state of New Jersey. (New Jersey Department of Human Services, 2004) Of those admissions 56, 671 treatment admissions in the state of New Jersey, Essex county recorded

Ethics Perspective in Applied Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics Perspective in Applied Leadership - Essay Example The author of the paper states that in the Kant categorical imperative perspective, the company should do what is right. Matters considered right always have benefits to the people that require showing concern to other people. Besides, what is right for the company requires acceptance from the majority hence considering their opinions.  Communitarianism deals with considering the responsibilities in the community rather than a single individual. In the organization, this ethical perspective focuses on promoting the values that people share in addressing differences in the cultures. In the process of addressing the cultural difference and using only universal values, leaders always show concern for every individual and implement altruism in the process. Considering others rather than a single individual is an action that is in altruism. The showing of concern before and in the process of trying to promote communal values is an act of altruism. Hence, it is justifiable to state that altruism is the prerequisite of other ethical perspectives such as utilitarianism and communitarianism. The process of using these ethical perspectives requires consideration and concern to other people before taking actions.

Comparative Summary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Comparative Summary - Essay Example It is against this backdrop that three major financial environments namely the profit making environment, not-for-profit environment and government environments have been identified in this study for critical scrutiny on how differences in financial management in each of the environments can be well harnessed to ensure that the collective goal of achieving universal quality healthcare can be achieved. Profits Making Financial Environment Healthsouth is the identified entity under the profits financial environment. Generally, the financial structure of the profits financial environment can be described as one that is influenced by the activities of shareholders. This is to say that these entities have financial bottom lines that address the profit gaining needs of their shareholders (Experience Healthsouth, 2010). To this end, they are structured such that there is several profit making avenues on the services and products that are offered. As much as possible also, there exist extern al investments models made with the contributions of shareholders so as to maximize the earnings from the health facility. Some of the policies that are unique to the profit making environment include the fact that annual profits are shared among shareholders instead of reinvesting the entire amount of profit made. This is because shareholders come on board as investors who expect positive financial returns at the end of each fiscal year. In the same manner that profits are shared, there exists a peculiar provision whereby losses are also shared among the shareholders. In the event of recording a loss at the end of the fiscal year, shareholders will be expected to make financial provisions for the proceeding budget (Experience Healthsouth, 2010). Because losses are shared by shareholders as much as profits, there are always efforts that ensure that all lope holes to financial malfeasance of any kind are blocked. This is indeed one of the most outstanding financial management practic es prevalent in the profit financial environment. With the Healthsouth as a case study, it would be observed that the entity employs the services of financial experts such as accountants, bursars and auditors whose duties are not incorporated into the larger healthcare delivery services of the entity (Experience Healthsouth, 2010). Despite the numerous efforts that are made to ensure financial management practices at Healthsouth, it would still be realized that the facility faces several challenges. The major reason that can be ascribed to the existence of these financial management challenges is because the facility is a healthcare facility. Generally, it is debated because the services of financial experts are not directly linked to the health provision services of the healthcare facilities; there exist apathy on the part of healthcare administrators to closely monitor the activities of the said financial management experts (Wolinsky, 2005). Not-for-Profit Environment Carolinas He althcare Systems is the selected entity under the not-for-profit financial environment. Among the features of the facility that makes it stand out and worth discussing is the fact that the facility focuses its services to not just short term care but lifetime medical care to patients. The facility therefore serves as lifetime medical home to patients (Carolinas Medical Center,

Do you think the drone strikes should end Why or why not Essay

Do you think the drone strikes should end Why or why not - Essay Example Drone strikes attacks in Pakistan and other bases should be stopped because innocent lives are being taken, the local population of both the U.S. and Pakistan are against these attacks, as they do not agree that this is the way eliminate terrorists. Also, relationship between the U.S. and Pakistan are weakening and such attacks increase the number of terrorists instead of decreasing it. The purpose of the drone strikes attack is to eliminate terrorists but not kill the innocent civilians, if the drone strikes attack would has the chance to hurt those local civilians, we should stop using the drone strikes and find another way to eliminate the terrorists. It has been reported by Dawn.com that the death of 1 terrorist caused by drone attacks conducted by US results in the death of 140 innocent civilians of Pakistan (Dawn.com, 2012). The report even stated that during 2009, a total of 44 drone strikes attacks were launched on Pakistan and these caused the death of 700 innocent civilians of Pakistan and only killed 5 members of the Taliban (Dawn.com, 2012). This has made the accuracy of drone strikes questionable because during 2009, drone strikes attacks were only able to achieve success of 11% (Dawn.com, 2012). For example, the insight for drone strikes attacks is gained by information collected that is not always accurate. U.S. drone strikes attacks may end up killing several innocent people just on the basis of false information or not accurately identify terrorist targets. Because the drone strikes doesn’t operate by human when it’s implementing the action, once it collected the wrong information even navigate to the residential district, the drone strikes would still make the action because it can’t analysis the data but only implement the order. The aim of the war on terrorist is to reduce and eliminate terrorist groups and individuals but using the drone strikes may kill the innocent people. Replacing the drone strikes with foot soldier s is a completely failed idea. Foot soldiers can not be replaced as foot soldiers are aware of the exact locations of the terrorists and they have the ability to make timely decisions to avoid any civilian casualties. Another reason is the drone strikes attacks conducted on Pakistan and Yemen are increasing the number of terrorists and terrorist organization. Baker institute blog’s research states that according to Fawaz Gerges who is a well-know analyst of terrorist movements, the drone strikes attacks conducted on Yemen are increasing the number of terrorists as these people want to take revenge for these drone strikes attacks (Baker Institute, 2012). In the same blog, it’s also stated that Christopher Swift believes that people of Yemen are accepting groups such as Taliban in response to the U.S drone attacks (Baker Institute, 2012).).These researches clearly state that the U.S drone strikes attack is leading to creation of more terrorists within the nations of Afgh anistan, Yemen and Pakistan. For example, once the drone strike takes place on the basis wrong information, it may end up killing a group of innocent people who have nothing to do with the war. These people do not have any connection with the terrorists. After innocent lives are taken due to drone strike attacks conducted by the U.S., those who are related to

Nurse-Led Implementation of an Insulin-Infusion Protocal in a Gender Research Paper

Nurse-Led Implementation of an Insulin-Infusion Protocal in a Gender - Research Paper Example The problem is an important one, as it will avoid the negative effects of hypoglycemia, which is a life threatening problem among ICU patients. Further, the problem has been the center of a contentious issue in ICU care. The problem is clearly depicted and the background information offered, including the case of concerns among doctors and nurses over increased workload due to SGC, and the deaths caused by hypoglycemia. The justification of the study is offered, as evaluating the existing degree of glycaemic control, which will lead to the implementation of an effective nurse-led SGC model. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the existing degree of glycaemic control, leading to the designing of an effective SGC approach, with regard to intensive insulin therapy. The main research question is: Can nurse-led implementation of an insulin-infusion protocol reduce the incidences of hypoglycemia and the workload resulting from a strict SGC model? The hypothesis of the study may be expr essed this way: An informed nurse-led implementation of insulin administration is more effective and safe in reducing adverse conditions like hypoglycemia among ICU patients. ... Finney is also cited, who discussed the adverse effects resulting from hyperglycemia at general intensive care, which pushed doctors to prescribe insulin levels of 4 – 8 for ICU patients through standard infusion. The author included the opposing study of Pittas et al, which showed that ICU patients subjected to insulin therapy were thrice, as likely to develop hypoglycemia as opposed to a control group. Another deviating study is that of Krinsley et al, which showed that hypoglycemia was independently related to mortality in an adult ICU. The literature review is thorough and organized, as it starts with supporting the background of study, to discussing the effects on not implementing the insulin protocol strategy: for instance the study by Krinsley et al, which talks of the relation between hypoglycemia and mortality. A majority of the references are current, thirty of the thirty-three falling between the 5 year bracket (age of source before writing of the health article; 1 falling between 10 year bracket and 2 falling under the more than 10 years bracket. This shows that the study presented information – not more than 10 years old, thus current for usage. The theoretical framework of the study surrounds the evaluation of the existing glycaemic control level and exploring the relationships between a nurse-led implementation of safe SGC approach to insulin therapy and the incidences of hypoglycemia and the workload resulting from SGC. The variables to be measured and the relationships to be explored are clear, thus the theoretical model is clearly explained. The model is also threaded throughout the report, as the discussion

Changing minds Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Changing minds - Essay Example something different and not fully associated with whatever it is that the person claims not to like, one would be able to get that person’s brain processes thinking. An â€Å"Integrated viable identity† is what gives people the sense that they can move on with their lives - it is a way of functioning as a member of society. In order to adhere to the â€Å"Integrated viable identity† of our readers, we must make our messages clear. We want our readers to understand what we are saying, how it applies to them, and how they can alter their integrated viable identity to having the identity as one of our readers. It is a matter of making the reader aware that their opinion and views matter. We are able to do this by addressing the topics of which our readers have the most interest in, because it appeals to their identities. The best way to change someone’s mind through our blog would be to provide the right collection of relevant data. â€Å"Representational Rediscrimination† comes down to presenting a new idea in a variety of ways which allow those who are affected to see the idea in their own way. For instance, presenting both Logical and Linguistic ideas on a large scale, so that both intelligences are addressed. As with the Freedman example in our text, we are addressing various groups, such as companies and corporations in order to make a large-scale change of minds. The problem with this is that ideas become more set and defined compared to when people were younger. Therefore it becomes more difficult to illicit a change in thought because of this present resistance. The discrimination that a reader of our blog may feel upon visiting comes from the issues that we represent. If we are presenting information that they strongly disagree with, then they will not return. The best way to fix this would be to present our information in different ways, so as not to trigger the discriminating response. The important part of the â€Å"Designated Driver† model

Reverdie Recitation Essay Example for Free

Reverdie Recitation Essay I wanted to recite this poem to my father in father’s day last Sunday and I did it. Before I started memorizing the poem, I wanted to understand it very well. At the beginning, it cost me a little bit to understand the meaning of all those words and the poem in general, but after I read the poem a few times I could finally understand the meaning of the poem and what was the author trying to say. After I understood the poem, I started memorizing it. It cost me a few hours because this is the first time that I am reading books related to English literature, so all those words are phrases are totally new to me. Also, it took me while to memorize the poem because some of the lines had some words that do not make sense when they are written in the same phrase or sentence. After, I memorized all the poem and I understood word by word, I started practicing in front of the mirror and when I had nothing to do, because I really wanted to impress my father by reciting this in poem in his day. When I was reciting this poem, my father was making like a funny face because he did not understand a word of what I was saying. Before I started reciting the poem, I did not tell him that the poem was going to be with old English words, so he was not like prepared for a poem like this one. After, I recited the poem one more time, I tried to explain him the meaning of this poem, but after I explained it to him a few more times he could finally understood it. Also, I talked to him about Chaucer and the tales, so he could have a better idea of the context of the poem. I think that he really understood the poem when I explained to him from when the poem was and who the author was. This type of experience was new to me because this was my first reciting a poem like this. Also, I do not remember when was the last time that I recited a poem in front of my father, so I remembered the good times that I had when I was in high school. In overall, this was a good experience for me because I enjoyed memorizing it, even though it was difficult, but at the end it was worth it because my father liked it very much.